Diseases of the mammary glands - treatment in Russia

Like no other organ, the mammary glands are influenced by all the processes occurring in the female body: the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, lactation, menopause – the breast reacts to all this with its anatomical and physiological changes.

Despite the fact that most of a woman’s life, the mammary glands are “at rest”, but as a hormone-dependent organ, they undergo complex changes due to the physiology of the female body. And the occurrence of most breast diseases is associated precisely with hormonal imbalances.

So, with endocrine disorders in the mammary gland, benign formations can occur – mastopathy, cyst and breast fibroma. Their development is often associated with abortion, as well as inflammatory diseases of the organs of the female reproductive sphere, which disrupt the hormonal function of the ovaries and other endocrine glands.

Diseases of the mammary gland, leading to its inflammation – mastitis, develop, as a rule, during breastfeeding: these are lactostasis and nipple cracks.

Of particular concern to mammologists-oncologists is the increase in the number of malignant tumors (breast cancer). Injuries and inflammatory diseases of the breast, abortions, genital infections, late (after 35 years) first pregnancy and childbirth, endocrine disorders, bad habits, ecology and heredity predispose to their development.

An important role in the prevention of breast diseases is played by the timely treatment of genital pathology, adherence to personal hygiene and the rules of breastfeeding, self-control, regular visits to specialists: a gynecologist and a mammologist.

Each woman should carefully examine the mammary glands herself every month on the 6-12th day of the menstrual cycle. When the first alarming symptoms are found, it is urgent to consult a mammologist.

One or another mammological disease may be indicated by the appearance of at least one of the complaints in a woman: induration, soreness in the breast, the appearance of nipple discharge, changes in the skin on the breast and in the nipple area, a change in the shape of the gland, an increase in lymph nodes in the axillary zones.

After 35 years, women need to undergo an ultrasound of the mammary glands once a year, and after 40 – mammography once every 2 years. You should visit a mammologist if you are planning a pregnancy or taking oral contraceptives.

Today, most of the timely detected breast diseases are successfully treated conservatively. Surgical treatment of mammological pathology is aimed at the most careful preservation of the organ and its function.